Method of making mattocks and similar tools.



G. F. KONOLD. 7 METHOD OF MAKING MATTOGKS AND SIMILAR TOOLS.

APPLICATION FILED 1320.23, 1904.

Patented Jan 5, 1909.

2 sums-sum 1.

G. I. KONOLD.

METHOD OF MAKING MATTOGKS AND SIMILAR TOOLS.

APPLICATION TILED D110. 23, 190%.

Patented Jam 5, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHBET 2.

HIE Norms PETERS ca, wasHmarom-n, c

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE F. KON OLD, OF ASPIN WALL, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO IRON CITYTOOL WORKS, LIMITED, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, A LIMITED COPARTNERSHIPUNDER THE LAWS or PENNSYLVANIA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 5, 1909.

Application filed December 23, 1904. Serial No. 238,121.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. KONOLD, a resident of Aspinwall, in thecounty of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Methods of Making Mattocks and Similar Tools; andI do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof. I

My invention relates to the manufacture of mattocks, hoes, and similartools, its object being to develop the same from a punched blank bysuccessive pressing operations and in that way to provide for theshaping of the blank and the rapid and cheap manufacture of the same ofstandard and uniform shapes.

To these ends the invention consists, generally stated, in making thesemattocks or like tools from heated punched blanks byregularreciprocating pressing strokes the operations including thefollowing steps: lengthening the blank and initially developing acentral longitudinal rib; then spreading the blank close to the eye andfully developing the eye by pressure applied close to the eye whilesupporting the eye internally, this operation also lengthening the blankand further developing the longitudinal rib then further spreading eachside of the blade and tapering the same laterally by separate pressingoperations with transversely inclined dies,and by the same pressingstrokes developing a longitudinally tapered face in the front or forwardportion of the blade; and further edge-pressing the blade and the curvedshoulders at the junction of the eye by pressing strokes upon the edgesof the blade which at the same time hold the blank from longitudinalmovement by the partial envelopment of the eye and finish the junctionof the blade and eye, and maintain the eye central of the blade.

It also consists in certain steps in the manufacture of the mattocksincluded in the above general manufacture, as hereinafter set forth andclaimed.

To enable others skilled in the art to employ my invention I willdescribe the same more fully, referring to the accompanying drawing, inwhich Figure 1 shows a press containing dies employed in the practice ofthe method; Fig. 2

shows perspective views of the top and bot- I tom dies for the firstpressing stroke, Fig. 3

shows perspective views of the top and bottom dies used in fullydeveloping the eye and spreading the blank; Fig. 4 is a longitudinalcentral section of the dies of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a perspective view ofthe bottom die used in developing the transverse inclines to the bladeand its incline or taper toward the cutting edge; Fig. 6 is a side viewof the same illustrating its action upon the blank; Fig. 7 is a crosssection on the line 77 Fig. 6 Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the diesused for edging the tool and holding the eye to shape; and Figs. 9 to 13are views illustrating the diilerent stages of the blank from thepunched blank to the finished tool ready for trimming and grinding.

The press illustrated in Fig. 1 shows a press suitable for the practiceof the invention, the main factor in connection with the press beingthat it provides for regular fixed pressing strokes developed by aregular reciprocating press having a stationary anvil die and a seriesof reciprocating die blocks operated at uniform strokes, asdistinguished from the ordinary hammer die strokes by which mattockblades have heretofore been developed and in which the development ofthe article depends upon the eye of the Workman rather than upon thefixed stroke of the In the said press the housings are shown at 1, thesehousings carrying the anvil block 2 on which are supported the anvildies, and having the horizontal eccentric shaft 3 carrying suitableeccentrics 4 with eccentric straps and pitman extensions 5, thereciprocating die block 6 moving in guides 7, carrying the different topor recip- The press rocating dies above referred to. may be driven byany suitable power. It is illustrated as driven by a motor 8 throughsuitable earing 9 9.

I will escribe the different dies employed in connection with the workerformed so that the regular development 0 the blank by the dies to thefinished shape may be understood. The dies 11 12 are intended to stretchthe blank lengthwise and develop I initially the central longitudinalrib. For this pur ose the top face of the lower die 11 is slight ydepressed toward its front end face, and is provided with a longitudinalrecess 13 in its top face and a recess 14 in its front end face, whilethe top die 12 is shown with a plain bottom face to press directly uponthe top of the blank, spread it somewhat and cause its stretching orlengthening. The original punched blank from which the mattock isdeveloped is shown in Fig. 9, having the eye 15, the extension 16 fromwhich the mattock is developed, and being illustrated as having on theother side thereof the blank portion 17, which is subsequently hammeredout to form the pick end or cutter of the tool. In the use of these diesthe heated blank is placed upon the bottom die 11 with the end of itseye fitting up against or into the recess 14 on the lower die, whichserves to center the blank and upon the pressing stroke the upper die 12strikes upon the blank, its tendency being to stretch the metal and soelongate the metal ortion 16, the die at the same time forcing t 1e eyeportion backward, pushing it away from the groove 14 and the resultingstroke forming a blank, as shown in Fig. 10, in which the metal has beens read somewhat, lengthened, and the centra longitudinal rib 10initially developed. The blank may be given a second pressing stroke inthese dies if desired, the effect of this stroke being indicated bydotted lines. It is then turned over and placed upon the anvil die 18illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, which in connection with the upperpressing die 19 performs a peculiar and important function in thedevelopment of the blank, fully developing the eye and spreading theblank close to the eye while also preferably elongating it and fullydeveloping the central longitudinal rib. For this purpose the lower dieis provided near its forward end with a horn or mandrel 20 pro jectingupwardly from its top face over which the eye 15 of the blank fits, andby which it is su ported against longitudinal movement unc er ressure ofthe upper die 19. This upper die 19 has, as shown, the longitudinalrecess 21 broad and deep at the front end and tapering and narrowingtoward the rear end of the die, while extending upwardly along its frontface or end and connected thereto by the curved inclined faces 22 is theend recess 23, the end recess and the curved portions 22 being of suchshape as to fully develop the eye, pressing down the metal of the blankto form the eye of proper depth, and also to spread the metal close tothe eye laterally upon the anvil die 18, their function being to sospread the metal of the blank while it is held againstlongitudinalmovement by the horn or mandrel 20 as to force the metal out laterallyat this point and provide sufiicient metal for forming the roundedshoulders close to the eye of the finished blank. At the same time thelongitudinal recess 21 tapering toward the rear end of the die aidsfurther in lengthening the blank, drawing it out for practically thefull length of the dies andrproviding a blank such as illustrated inFig. 11, having the fully developed eye ortion 24, rounded shoulders 25with the fu ly developed longitudinal rib 26, These dies 18 and 19 thusserve by the single pressing stroke to develop the main portion of theblank and bring it into condition for finishing. In the finishing of theblank the pressing dies illustrated in Figs. 5 to 7 when combined withthe edging dies illustrated in Fig. 8, serve to bring the blank shown inFig. 11 to its final form. The heated blank which may mean time havebeen edged, is plated out to the desired width and shape of mattockblade, principally by the dies of Figs. 5 to 7. In these dies the anvildie 27 is of peculiar shape, having the central rib 29 with thetransverse inclined face 30 on each side of that rib, and extending downfrom this anvil face each front corner of the die is beveled off as at31 to permit the blank to be so placed upon the anvil that the roundedshoulder 25 thereof may be placed upon the transversely inclined ortapered face 30 of the die. The beveled end portion 31 and thetransversely inclined portion 30 of the die are connected by thediagonal curved inclined portion 32 corresponding substantially to theside face of the finished developed eye and rounded shoulder. The topdie 28 is a simple plain faced die adapted to press the blank upon thepeculiar inclined faces of the lower die. The inclined face portions ofthe mattock blade developed in the dies of Figs. 3 and 4 can thus bespread out laterally by separate ressing operations on one or the otherof sai blade portions 33, the heated blank being first placed on oneside of the die to develop one blade portion 38, and then transferred tothe other side of the die to develop the other blade portion asillustrated in dotted lines, the blade being thus spread out by one ormore pressing strokes on each side, as considered necessary. 110 Thesedies 27 and 28 are also peculiar in another feature. Beyond eachtransverse inclined face 30 is the longitudinal inclined face 34 whichis connected to the transverse inclined face 30 along the diagonal line35 115 which unites with the rib portion 29 of the die. The inclined ortapered die faces 34 extend toward the rear end of the die block,

and serve to form on the finished blank the longitudinal taper face 36,extending toward 120 the cutting edge. As the blanks are swaged on oneor the other die face 30 to spread out the sides of the blank, by meansof these longitudinal tapered faces 34 the forward end of the blank isso pressed into shape as to de- 125 velo the natural taper faceextending towar the cutting edge and spreading out the rounded corners25 of the blade, bringing the blank substantially to the shape shown inFig. 12. The blank may be spread in this 130 way according to thedesired length and thickness in the different parts of the m ttock bladeand the metal "it contains.

During the pressing operations of the dies of Fig. 4 it is important tohold the edges of the mattock and its eye in proper sha e and centrallyof the finished mattock, an edge finish the junction of the eye andblade, and so produce tools of uniform shape. For this purpose the diesof Fig. 8 are emplo ed with the dies of Figs. 5 to 7, the top an bottomdies 38 of Fig. 8 being of practically the same shape, each having nearthe forward end the V-shaped projection 39 with the curved face 410 infront of the same, this curved face 40 corresponding in shape to thedesired finished shape of the eye 24, while back of such V-shapedprojection 39 is the curved face 41 corresponding to the desired curveof the shoulder portion 25 of the mattock blade, and beyond the'same theinclined edging face 42 which flares apart according to the desiredspread or increasing width of the finished mattock blade.

In the previous steps in the manufacture of mattocks there is liabilityof irregularity. .For example, in the irregular spreading of the metalin the dies 18 and 19 of Figs. 3 and 1, or in. the subse uent irregularspreading of the metal on eac side of the central rib by the action ofthe dies 27 and 28 of Figs. 5 to 7, and it is important that the eyeshall be held central of the mattock. These dies 38 therefore serve notonly to give the desired finished shape to the blade portion of themattock by holding the blank from longitudinal movement by the partialenvelopment of the eye and at the same time forcing the metal forwardafter it has been s read by the dies of Figs. 5 to 7, but also ho d theeye central of the blade, give finish to the shoulders of the blade, andfinish the junction of the eye and blade. In the manufacture of themattocks the blank can be subjected to the spreading stroke of the dies27 and 28 and then edged by the dies 38, which will serve at the sametime to elongate the blank, and by several such strokes of both dies themattock can thus be brought to finished shape both of eye and mattockblade, as shown in Fig. 1.3. The mattock blade so formed can then befinished by shearing ready for subse uent grinding, and after theplating out of t e cutter end 17 of the origi nal blank it may be groundand finished in the ordinary way.

By my invention I am thus enabled by a series of re ular reciprocatingpressing strokes contro led and guided by the Workman to rapidly and ata single heat develop from the rough punched blank a finished mattockblade of practically exact shape, so that the eye andmattock bladeort1on of each particular article are of stanc ard shape and of betterfinished form than is possible to be obtained by the ordinary workeither of the hand or power hammer. This is made racticable by impartingto the dies the reguar reciprocating strokes by which in the differentmanipulations of the blank at the will of the operator the differentparts of the blank can be subjected to the exact pressure desired orrequired to develop the particular part of the blank instead ofdepending upon the heat and consequent ductility of the blank or theweight of the hammer blow, both of which are uncertain factors. And I amenabled to so develop the mattock blade and eye with few pressingstrokes While properly controlling the flow of the metal both to form afinished eye, and blade with proper rounded corners close to the eye,transverse and longitudinal tapers, the operation being chea er andbetter, and more perfectly finishec tools being produced.

What I claim is:

1.. The herein described method of forming mattocks and like tools fromheated punched blanks by regular reciprocating pressing strokes,including the following steps: lengthening the blank and initiallydeveloping a central longitudinal rib, then s readmg the blank close tothe eye and eveloping the eye by pressure applied close thereto whilesupporting the eye lnternally, then further spreading each side of theblade close to the eye and tapering it laterally by separate pressingstrokes with transversely inclined dies and by the same pressing strokesdeveloping a longitudinally tapered face at the front or cutter portionof the blade, and then edge pressing the blade ortions developing theunction of the bla e and eye and maintaining the eye central ofthe'blade by ressing strokes while holding the blank rom longitudinalmovement by dies partially enveloping the eye.

2. The herein described method of forming mattocks and like tools fromheated punched blanks by regular reciprocating pressing strokes,consisting in lengthening the blank and initially develo ing a centrallongitudinal rib, then further eveloping the longitudinal rib andspreading the blank close to the eye and fully developing the eye bypressure applied close thereto while supportlng the eye internallyagainst longitudinal movement, and then further spreading each side ofthe blade close to the eye and tapering it laterally by separatepressing strokes with transversely inclined dies.

3. As steps in the manufacture of mattocks or ii e tools from heatedpunched blanks by regular reciprocating pressing strokes, spreading theblank close to the eye and fully developing the eye by pressure appliedclose thereto while supporting the eye internally against longitudinalmovement, and then further spreading each side of the blade close to theeye and tapering the same laterally by separate pressing strokes withtransversely inclined dies.

4. As steps in the manufacture of mattocks or like tools from heatedpunched blanks by regular reciprocating pressingstrokes, spreading eachside of the blank close to the eye and tapering the same laterally byseparate pressing strokes with transversely inclined les.

5. As steps in the manufacture of n1attocks or like tools from heatedpunched blanks by regular reciprocating pressing strokes, spreading eachside of the blade and tapering the same laterally by separate pressingstrokes With transversely inclined dies, and by the same separatepressing strokes developing a longitudinally tapered face on the frontor cutter portion of the blade.

6. As ste s in the manufacture of mattocks or li e tools from heatedpunched blanks by regular reciprocating pressing strokes, spreading eachside of the blade close to the eye and tapering the same laterally byseparate pressing strokes With transversely inclined dies, and then edgepressing the blade and the curved shoulders at the junction of the eyeand blade and maintaining the eye central of the blade by an edgepressing stroke with dies partially enveloping the eye and so holdingthe blank from longitudinal movement; and repeating said lateralspreading strokes and edging stroke to gradually draw out the bladelaterally and longitudinally.

In testimony ivhereof, I the said GEORGE F. KoNoLn have hereunto set myhand.

GEORGE F. KONOLD.

Witnesses:

ROBERT C. ToT'rEN, G. C. RAYMOND.

